so, if a restaurant bill does not show a specific line item of "service charge" is is safe to assume none was charged? and if so, is the restaurant/bar/hotel out of compliance with labour laws?

How about cash and carry items? like beers or patties, etc. I'm not sitting, I'm not being served by a waitress, I may or may not give a few dollars tip (as I do at home with take-out food). I assume a service charge has been accounted for in price per item...

Just curious... not splitting hairs. I generally tend to tip waitstaff, and I do appreciate the fact that other people involved in the service process also receive a percentage of my bill. Want to ensure I'm well informed. Thanks!!!