What the Olympic Medal count looks like to the mathematically literate:

In the 2012 Olympics, USA won 104 medals. Jamaica won 12 medals. If Jamaica had the population of the USA, they'd have won 1382 medals.

In the 2012 Olympics, USA won 104 medals. China won 88 medals. If China had the population of the USA, they'd have won only 20 medals.

Scaled by population (9-medal minimum), the top-five winning countries in the 2012 Olympics were 1) Jamaica 2) New Zealand 3) Hungary 4) Denmark 5) Australia.

Scaled by population (5-medal minimum) the five most under-achieving countries in the 2012 Olympics were 1) Mexico 2) China 3) Turkey 4) Ethiopia 5) Brazil.